Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-13 (of 13 Records) |
Query Trace: Colton L[original query] |
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Testing Trends Among Persons Aged <18 Years in an Outpatient Pediatric Practice - Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, May-December 2020.
Miller MJ , Dasgupta S , Ruffin J , Colton K , King D , Tate JE , Kirking HL , Bryant B , Hennesy N , Plata Z , Nakayama JY , Tanner MR , Koyuncu A , Rabold E . J Adolesc Health 2021 69 (1) 144-148 PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze trends in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing and test positivity among persons aged <18 years in a three-site outpatient pediatric practice in Atlanta, Georgia, serving approximately 35,000 pediatric patients. METHODS: Using electronic medical records, weekly trends in SARS-CoV-2 tests performed and the 14-day moving average of test positivity were examined, overall and by age group, during May 24-December 5, 2020. RESULTS: Among 4,995 patients who received at least 1 SARS-CoV-2 test, 6,813 total tests were completed. Overall test positivity was 5.4% and was higher among older pediatric patients (<5 years: 3.3%; 5-11 years: 4.1%; 12-17 years: 8.6%). The number of tests and test positivity increased after holidays and school breaks. CONCLUSIONS: Families might benefit from communication focused on reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission during holidays. In addition, given higher test positivity in children aged 12-17 years, tailoring public health messaging to older adolescents could help limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk in this population. |
"Making the right decisions: Adapting to emerging needs": The 7th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Association of Shared Resources, Atlanta, GA, USA, June 12-14, 2019
Dahlman KB , Bagarozzi D , Bagchi P , Blum D , Boukli NM , Colton-Lee F , Constable S , Seagroves TN , Somasundaram T . J Biomol Tech 2020 31 (4) 165-167 One hundred and nine shared resource directors, managers, administrators, and staff from 26 academic, government, or nonprofit institutions and 24 corporate partners descended upon Atlanta, Georgia, to attend the seventh Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Association of Shared Resources (SEASR) at the Emory Conference Center Hotel from June 12 to 14, 2019. Due to the overwhelming interest and response from SEASR sponsors, meeting registration was complimentary for all noncorporate attendees. This one-and-a-half-day meeting presented a combination of scientific, administrative, and networking sessions that are summarized herein. |
Seoul virus infection and spread in US home-based ratteries-rat and human testing results from a multistate outbreak investigation.
Knust B , Brown S , de St Maurice A , Whitmer S , Koske SE , Ervin E , Patel K , Graziano J , Morales-Betoulle ME , House J , Cannon D , Kerins J , Holzbauer S , Austin C , Gibbons-Burgener S , Colton L , Dunn J , Zufan S , Choi MJ , Davis WR , Chiang CF , Manning CR , Roesch L , Shoemaker T , Purpura L , McQuiston J , Peterson D , Radcliffe R , Garvey A , Christel E , Morgan L , Scheftel J , Kazmierczak J , Klena JD , Nichol ST , Rollin PE . J Infect Dis 2020 222 (8) 1311-1319 BACKGROUND: During 2017, a multi-state outbreak investigation occurred following the confirmation of Seoul virus (SEOV) infections in people and pet rats. A total of 147 humans and 897 rats were tested. METHODS: In addition to IgG and IgM serology and traditional RT-PCR, novel quantitative RT-PCR primers/probe were developed, and whole genome sequencing was performed. RESULTS: Seventeen people had SEOV IgM, indicating recent infection; seven reported symptoms and three were hospitalized. All patients recovered. Thirty-one facilities in 11 US states had SEOV infection, and among those with >/=10 rats tested, rat IgG prevalence ranged 2-70% and SEOV RT-PCR positivity ranged 0-70%. Human lab-confirmed cases were significantly associated with rat IgG positivity and RT-PCR positivity (p=0.03 and p=0.006, respectively). Genomic sequencing identified >99.5% homology between SEOV sequences in this outbreak, and these were >99% identical to SEOV associated with previous pet rat infections in England, the Netherlands, and France. Frequent trade of rats between home-based ratteries contributed to transmission of SEOV between facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Pet rat owners, breeders, and the healthcare and public health community should be aware and take steps to prevent SEOV transmission in pet rats and to humans. Biosecurity measures and diagnostic testing can prevent further infections. |
Indoor air quality in green-renovated vs. non-green low-income homes of children living in a temperate region of US (Ohio)
Coombs KC , Chew GL , Schaffer C , Ryan PH , Brokamp C , Grinshpun SA , Adamkiewicz G , Chillrud S , Hedman C , Colton M , Ross J , Reponen T . Sci Total Environ 2016 554-555 178-185 Green eco-friendly housing includes approaches to reduce indoor air pollutant sources and to increase energy efficiency. Although sealing/tightening buildings can save energy and reduce the penetration of outdoor pollutants, an adverse outcome can be increased buildup of pollutants with indoor sources. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in the indoor air quality (IAQ) between green and non-green homes in low-income housing complexes. In one housing complex, apartments were renovated using green principles (n=28). Home visits were conducted immediately after the renovation, and subsequently at 6months and at 12months following the renovation. Of these homes, eight homes had pre-renovation home visits; this allowed pre- and post-renovation comparisons within the same homes. Parallel visits were conducted in non-green (control) apartments (n=14) in a nearby low-income housing complex. The IAQ assessments included PM2.5, black carbon, ultrafine particles, sulfur, total volatile organic compounds (VOCs), formaldehyde, and air exchange rate. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. None of the indoor pollutant concentrations were significantly different between green and non-green homes. However, we found differences when comparing the concentrations before and after renovation. Measured immediately after renovation, indoor black carbon concentrations were significantly lower averaging 682ng/m3 in post-renovation vs. 2364ng/m3 in pre-renovation home visits (p=0.01). In contrast, formaldehyde concentrations were significantly higher in post-renovated (0.03ppm) than in pre-renovated homes (0.01ppm) (p=0.004). Questionnaire data showed that opening of windows occurred less frequently in homes immediately post-renovation compared to pre-renovation; this factor likely affected the levels of indoor black carbon (from outdoor sources) and formaldehyde (from indoor sources) more than the renovation status itself. To reduce IAQ problems and potentially improve health, careful selection of indoor building materials and ensuring sufficient ventilation are important for green building designs. |
Notes from the field: Increase in human cases of tularemia - Colorado, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wyoming, January-September 2015
Pedati C , House J , Hancock-Allen J , Colton L , Bryan K , Ortbahn D , Kightlinger L , Kugeler K , Petersen J , Mead P , Safranek T , Buss B . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015 64 (47) 1317-8 Tularemia is a rare, often serious disease caused by a gram-negative coccobacillus, Francisella tularensis, which infects humans and animals in the Northern Hemisphere. Approximately 125 cases have been reported annually in the United States during the last two decades (2). As of September 30, a total of 100 tularemia cases were reported in 2015 among residents of Colorado (n = 43), Nebraska (n = 21), South Dakota (n = 20), and Wyoming (n = 16). This represents a substantial increase in the annual mean number of four (975% increase), seven (200%), seven (186%) and two (70%) cases, respectively, reported in each state during 2004-2014. |
Human plague - United States, 2015
Kwit N , Nelson C , Kugeler K , Petersen J , Plante L , Yaglom H , Kramer V , Schwartz B , House J , Colton L , Feldpausch A , Drenzek C , Baumbach J , DiMenna M , Fisher E , Debess E , Buttke D , Weinburke M , Percy C , Schriefer M , Gage K , Mead P . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015 64 (33) 918-919 Since April 1, 2015, a total of 11 cases of human plague have been reported in residents of six states: Arizona (two), California (one), Colorado (four), Georgia (one), New Mexico (two), and Oregon (one). The two cases in Georgia and California residents have been linked to exposures at or near Yosemite National Park in the southern Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. Nine of the 11 patients were male; median age was 52 years (range = 14-79 years). Three patients aged 16, 52, and 79 years died. |
Outbreak of human pneumonic plague with dog-to-human and possible human-to-human transmission - Colorado, June-July 2014
Runfola JK , House J , Miller L , Colton L , Hite D , Hawley A , Mead P , Schriefer M , Petersen J , Casaceli C , Erlandson KM , Foster C , Pabilonia KL , Mason G , Douglas JM . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015 64 (16) 429-34 On July 8, 2014, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) laboratory identified Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes plague, in a blood specimen collected from a man (patient A) hospitalized with pneumonia. The organism had been previously misidentified as Pseudomonas luteola by an automated system in the hospital laboratory. An investigation led by Tri-County Health Department (TCHD) revealed that patient A's dog had died recently with hemoptysis. Three other persons who had contact with the dog, one of whom also had contact with patient A, were ill with fever and respiratory symptoms, including two with radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Specimens from the dog and all three human contacts yielded evidence of acute Y. pestis infection. One of the pneumonia cases might have resulted through human-to-human transmission from patient A, which would be the first such event reported in the United States since 1924. This outbreak highlights 1) the need to consider plague in the differential diagnosis of ill domestic animals, including dogs, in areas where plague is endemic; 2) the limitations of automated diagnostic systems for identifying rare bacteria such as Y. pestis; and 3) the potential for milder plague illness in patients taking antimicrobial agents. Hospital laboratorians should be aware of the limitations of automated identification systems, and clinicians should suspect plague in patients with clinically compatible symptoms from whom P. luteola is isolated. |
Molecular detection and identification of Bartonella species in rat fleas from northeastern Thailand
Billeter SA , Colton L , Sangmaneedet S , Suksawat F , Evans BP , Kosoy MY . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013 89 (3) 462-5 The presence of Bartonella species in Xenopsylla cheopis fleas collected from Rattus spp. (R. exulans, R. norvegicus, and R. rattus) in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand was investigated. One hundred ninety-three fleas obtained from 62 rats, were screened by polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region, and the presence of Bartonella DNA was confirmed by using the citrate synthase gene. Bartonella DNA was detected in 59.1% (114 of 193) of fleas examined. Sequencing demonstrated the presence of Bartonella spp. similar to B. elizabethae, B. rattimassiliensis, B. rochalimae, and B. tribocorum in the samples tested with a cutoff for sequence similarity ≥ 96% and 4 clustered together with the closest match with B. grahamii (95.5% identity). If X. cheopis proves to be a competent vector of these species, our results suggest that humans and animals residing in this area may be at risk for infection by several zoonotic Bartonella species. |
Ecology of potential West Nile virus vectors in southeastern Louisiana: enzootic transmission in the relative absence of Culex quinquefasciatus
Godsey MS Jr , King RJ , Burkhalter K , Delorey M , Colton L , Charnetzky D , Sutherland G , Ezenwa VO , Wilson LA , Coffey M , Milheim LE , Taylor VG , Palmisano C , Wesson DM , Guptill SC . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013 88 (5) 986-96 A study of West Nile virus (WNV) ecology was conducted in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, from 2002 to 2004. Mosquitoes were collected weekly throughout the year using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps placed at 1.5 and 6 m above the ground and gravid traps. A total of 379,466 mosquitoes was collected. WNV was identified in 33 pools of mosquitoes comprising five species; 23 positive pools were from Culex nigripalpus collected during 2003. Significantly more positive pools were obtained from Cx. nigripalpus collected in traps placed at 6 m than 1.5 m that year, but abundance did not differ by trap height. In contrast, Cx. nigripalpus abundance was significantly greater in traps placed at 6 m in 2002 and 2004. Annual temporal variation in Cx. nigripalpus peak seasonal abundance has significant implications for WNV transmission in Louisiana. Two WNV-positive pools, one each from Anopheles crucians s.l. and Cx. erraticus, were collected during the winter of 2004, showing year-round transmission. The potential roles of additional mosquito species in WNV transmission in southeastern Louisiana are discussed. |
Experimental infection of three laboratory mouse stocks with a shrew origin Bartonella elizabethae strain: an evaluation of bacterial host switching potential
Colton L , Kabeya H , Kosoy M . Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2012 2 BACKGROUND: Bartonella elizabethae has been reported as a causative agent of human illnesses and strains of this bacterium are commonly isolated from commensal small mammals in Asia. METHODS: Since the zoonotic potential of a pathogen is often related to its host switching ability, we explored the capacity of a B. elizabethae strain to host switch by subcutaneously inoculating groups of Swiss Webster, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice with the bacteria at a range of doses. RESULTS: A low number of mice in each of the three groups showed susceptibility to infection at high doses (10(5) and 10(6) bacteria), and developed bacteremias of 6-8 weeks duration. CONCLUSION: The capacity of this B. elizabethae strain to switch hosts can have important public health consequences for humans in areas of Asia where many small mammal populations have high bartonellae infection prevalences and live as commensals with humans. |
Experimental infection of laboratory mice with two Bartonella tribocorum strains from wild Mus species: a homologous host-bacteria model system at the genus level
Colton L , Kosoy M . Parasitology 2012 140 (1) 1-8 SUMMARY: To date no experimental infection studies have been conducted in laboratory mice using Mus spp. bartonella strains. Therefore we designed a study to evaluate the in vivo infection characteristics of 2 Bartonella tribocorum strains from wild Mus spp. in laboratory mice with the aim of developing a mouse model that reproduces characteristics of naturally acquired bartonella infections in rodents. Groups of outbred CD1 female mice were subcutaneously inoculated with low doses of 2 mouse bartonella strains (10, 100, and 1000 bacteria/mouse). Blood was collected weekly for 27 weeks to evaluate bacteraemia kinetics in infected mice. Mouse urine collected during weeks 3-6 post-inoculation was also tested for viable bacteria to determine whether urine might serve as a source of bacterial transmission. Mice were susceptible to infection with both strains. Bacteraemias in mice lasted up to 25 weeks, sometimes with abacteraemic intervals, and achieved levels up to 107 cfu/ml of blood. Temporal lags in bacteraemia onset of up to 19 weeks in length were noted at different inoculum doses. No viable bacteria were detected in mouse urine. Bacteraemic mice displayed characteristics of infection similar to those observed in natural rodent hosts during longitudinal field studies. This mouse model of persistent bacteraemia should be suitable for a variety of experimental uses. |
Experimental infection of Swiss Webster mice with four rat bartonella strains: host specificity, bacteremia kinetics, dose dependent response, and histopathology
Colton L , Zeidner N , Kosoy MY . Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2011 34 (6) 465-73 Groups of Swiss Webster outbred mice were each inoculated with one of four bartonella strains originally isolated from Rattus spp. at doses ranging from 10(1) to 10(7) bacteria per mouse. One strain, Rn1691yn (Bartonella coopersplainensis-like), infected mice and produced bacteremias at levels up to 10(5) bacteria/ml of blood and from 3 to 8 weeks duration. A dose dependent response was also observed with differing proportions of mice bacteremic following inoculation at different doses. In addition weeks-to-months long lags in bacteremia manifestation occurred following lower dose exposures. The possibility of bacterial transmission from bacteremic mice to uninfected cagemates was assessed and no naive mice became infected from contacts with infected mice. Finally, a subset of bacteremic mice inoculated with high doses of Rn1691yn were examined histopathologically and multifocal, granulomatous lesions were detected in both liver and kidneys. The host specificity and infectivity of the strains is discussed in relation to their potential for zoonotic transmission to incidental hosts. |
Human isolates of Bartonella tamiae induce pathology in experimentally inoculated immunocompetent mice
Colton L , Zeidner N , Lynch T , Kosoy MY . BMC Infect Dis 2010 10 229 BACKGROUND: Bartonella tamiae, a newly described bacterial species, was isolated from the blood of three hospitalized patients in Thailand. These patients presented with headache, myalgia, anemia, and mild liver function abnormalities. Since B. tamiae was presumed to be the cause of their illness, these isolates were inoculated into immunocompetent mice to determine their relative pathogenicity in inducing manifestations of disease and pathology similar to that observed in humans. METHODS: Three groups of four Swiss Webster female mice aged 15-18 months were each inoculated with 10(6-7) colony forming units of one of three B. tamiae isolates [Th239, Th307, and Th339]. A mouse from each experimental group was sampled at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks post-inoculation. Two saline inoculated age-matched controls were included in the study. Samples collected at necropsy were evaluated for the presence of B. tamiae DNA, and tissues were formalin-fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined for histopathology. RESULTS: Following inoculation with B. tamiae, mice developed ulcerative skin lesions and subcutaneous masses on the lateral thorax, as well as axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy. B. tamiae DNA was found in subcutaneous masses, lymph node, and liver of inoculated mice. Histopathological changes were observed in tissues of inoculated mice, and severity of lesions correlated with the isolate inoculated, with the most severe pathology induced by B. tamiae Th239. Mice inoculated with Th239 and Th339 demonstrated myocarditis, lymphadenitis with associated vascular necrosis, and granulomatous hepatitis and nephritis with associated hepatocellular and renal necrosis. Mice inoculated with Th307 developed a deep dermatitis and granulomas within the kidneys. CONCLUSIONS: The three isolates of B. tamiae evaluated in this study induce disease in immunocompetent Swiss Webster mice up to 6 weeks after inoculation. The human patients from whom these isolates were obtained had clinical presentations consistent with the multi-organ pathology observed in mice in this study. This mouse model for B. tamiae induced disease not only strengthens the causal link between this pathogen and clinical illness in humans, but provides a model to further study the pathological processes induced by these bacteria. |
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